culmus in All languages combined

IPA: [ˈkʊɫ.mʊs] [Classical-Latin], [ˈkul.mus] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos. Cognate with Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed, cane”) (whence the borrowed doublet calamus) and Proto-Germanic *halmaz, whence English haulm. Etymology templates: {{der|la|ine-pro|*ḱolh₂mos}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos, {{cog|grc|κάλαμος||reed, cane}} Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed, cane”), {{glossary|doublet}} doublet, {{doublet|la|calamus|notext=1}} calamus, {{cog|gem-pro|*halmaz}} Proto-Germanic *halmaz, {{cog|en|haulm}} English haulm Head templates: {{la-noun|culmus<2>}} culmus m (genitive culmī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|culmus<2>}} Forms: culmī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], culmus [nominative, singular], culmī [nominative, plural], culmī [genitive, singular], culmōrum [genitive, plural], culmō [dative, singular], culmīs [dative, plural], culmum [accusative, singular], culmōs [accusative, plural], culmō [ablative, singular], culmīs [ablative, plural], culme [singular, vocative], culmī [plural, vocative]

Inflected forms

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "lang_code": "ast",
      "word": "cuelmu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "word": "colmo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "colmo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "cuelmo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "culm"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "culmo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "curma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "curmu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "culmo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱolh₂mos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κάλαμος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "reed, cane"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed, cane”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "doublet"
      },
      "expansion": "doublet",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "calamus",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "calamus",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*halmaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *halmaz",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "haulm"
      },
      "expansion": "English haulm",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos. Cognate with Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed, cane”) (whence the borrowed doublet calamus) and Proto-Germanic *halmaz, whence English haulm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "culmī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "culmus<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "culmus m (genitive culmī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "culmus<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "61 6 6 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stalk, stem (of grass etc.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-culmus-la-noun-5E1gk9O6",
      "links": [
        [
          "stalk",
          "stalk"
        ],
        [
          "stem",
          "stem"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hay"
      ],
      "id": "en-culmus-la-noun-TjDqJc2h",
      "links": [
        [
          "hay",
          "hay"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "straw"
      ],
      "id": "en-culmus-la-noun-6foEU4aU",
      "links": [
        [
          "straw",
          "straw"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 10 10 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 6 6 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "thatch"
      ],
      "id": "en-culmus-la-noun-npf0519N",
      "links": [
        [
          "thatch",
          "thatch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkʊɫ.mʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkul.mus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "culmus"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin doublets",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "lang_code": "ast",
      "word": "cuelmu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "word": "colmo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "colmo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "cuelmo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "culm"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "culmo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "curma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "curmu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "culmo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱolh₂mos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κάλαμος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "reed, cane"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed, cane”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "doublet"
      },
      "expansion": "doublet",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "calamus",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "calamus",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*halmaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *halmaz",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "haulm"
      },
      "expansion": "English haulm",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos. Cognate with Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed, cane”) (whence the borrowed doublet calamus) and Proto-Germanic *halmaz, whence English haulm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "culmī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "culmī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "culmus<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "culmus m (genitive culmī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "culmus<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stalk, stem (of grass etc.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stalk",
          "stalk"
        ],
        [
          "stem",
          "stem"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hay"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hay",
          "hay"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "straw"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "straw",
          "straw"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "thatch"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thatch",
          "thatch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkʊɫ.mʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkul.mus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "culmus"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"culmus" meaning in All languages combined

Noun [Latin]

Inflected forms